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岳阳市人民政府关于印发岳阳市企业国有资产管理办法的通知

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岳阳市人民政府关于印发岳阳市企业国有资产管理办法的通知

湖南省岳阳市人民政府办公室


岳阳市人民政府关于印发岳阳市企业国有资产管理办法的通知

岳政发[2009]12号


各县、市、区人民政府,岳阳经济开发区、南湖风景区、屈原管理区,市直各单位,中央、省属驻岳各单位:

现将《岳阳市企业国有资产管理办法》印发给你们,请认真遵照执行。



二○○九年五月十五日





岳阳市企业国有资产管理办法







第一章 总则



第一条 为了加强我市企业国有资产管理,维护企业国有资产安全和完整,合理配置企业国有资产,提高企业国有资产使用效益,根据《中华人民共和国企业国有资产法》,结合我市实际,制定本办法。

第二条 本办法所称企业国有资产(以下简称“国有资产”),是指国家对企业各种形式的出资所形成的权益。

第三条 本办法所称国家出资企业,是指国家出资的国有独资企业、国有独资公司,以及国有资本控股公司、国有资本参股公司。



第二章 履行出资人职责机构



第四条 国有资产监督管理机构根据同级人民政府授权,代表同级人民政府对国家出资企业履行国有资产出资人职责。

第五条 国有资产监督管理机构代表同级人民政府对国家出资企业依法享有资产收益、参与重大决策和选择管理者等出资人权利。

国有资产监督管理机构依照法律、行政法规的规定,制定或者参与制定出资企业的章程。

国有资产监督管理机构对法律、行政法规和同级人民政府规定须经同级人民政府批准的履行出资人职责的重大事项,应当报请同级人民政府批准。

第六条 国有资产监督管理机构委派的国有产权代表(以下简称“产权代表”)参加国有资本控股公司、国有资本参股公司召开的股东会会议、股东大会会议,应当按照委派机构的指示提出提案、发表意见、行使表决权,并将其履行职责的情况和结果及时报告委派机构。

第七条 国有资产监督管理机构应当依照法律、行政法规以及企业章程履行出资人职责,保障出资人权益,防止国有资产损失。

国有资产监督管理机构应当维护企业作为市场主体依法享有的权利,除依法履行出资人职责外,不得干预企业经营活动。

第八条 国有资产监督管理机构对同级人民政府负责,向同级人民政府报告履行出资人职责的情况,接受同级人民政府的监督和考核,对国有资产的保值增值负责。

国有资产监督管理机构应当按照国家有关规定,定期向同级人民政府报告有关国有资产总量、结构、变动、收益等汇总分析的情况。



第三章 国家出资企业管理者的选择与考核



第九条 国有资产监督管理机构依照法律、行政法规以及企业章程的规定,任免或者建议任免国家出资企业的下列人员:

  (一)国有独资企业的经理、副经理、财务负责人和其他高级管理人员;

  (二)国有独资公司的董事长、副董事长、董事、监事会主席和监事;

(三)向国有资本控股公司、国有资本参股公司的股东会、股东大会提出董事、监事人选。

国家出资企业中应当由职工代表出任的董事、监事,依照有关法律、行政法规的规定由职工民主选举产生。

  第十条 国有资产监督管理机构对拟任命或者建议任命的董事、监事、高级管理人员的人选,应当按照规定的条件和程序进行考察。考察合格的,按照规定的权限和程序任命或者建议任命。

  第十一条 国有资产监督管理机构建立国家出资企业管理者经营业绩考核制度。国有资产监督管理机构应当对其任命的企业管理者进行年度和任期考核,并依据考核结果决定对企业管理者的奖惩。

国有资产监督管理机构应当按照国家有关规定,确定其任命的国家出资企业管理者的薪酬标准。



第四章 关系国有资产出资人权益的重大事项



第一节 重大事项报告或备案



第十二条 国家出资企业重大事项实行报告或备案制度。国有独资企业、国有独资公司重大事项的报告主体为企业法定代表人,国有资本控股公司、国有资本参股公司重大事项的报告主体为产权代表。报告应采用书面形式。

国有产权代表是指由国有资产监督管理机构提出人选,按照法定程序产生的国有资本控股、国有资本参股公司中的董事长、副董事长、董事、监事会主席和监事。产权代表担任公司法定代表人的,该法定代表人为首席产权代表。产权代表不担任法定代表人的,由国有资产监督管理机构在产权代表中指定一人为首席产权代表。首席产权代表为重大事项报告的主要负责人。

第十三条 国家出资企业下列重大事项应事前向国有资产监督管理机构报告:

(一)制定或修改企业章程;

  (二)制定企业发展战略规划或对企业发展战略规划作出重大调整;

  (三)企业年度投资计划、未列入年度投资计划的新增投资项目、超过年度投资计划中该项目计划投资额10%以上的投资项目、重大资产购置(含非经营性车辆购置);

  (四)企业分立、合并、增加或减少注册资本、重组、清算、变更注册地址等重大事项;

(五)企业发行公司债券、增发新股、上市,资产抵押、质押及贷款等重大事项;

(六)企业法定代表人、董事长、副董事长、董事、监事会主席、监事、总经理的变动情况;

  (七)企业负责人经营业绩考核和薪酬分配方案、实施股权(份)激励方案,职工工资增长方案;

  (八)企业年度财务预算和决算方案、利润分配方案;

  (九)根据公司章程规定,由公司股东(大)会作出决议的对外投资、担保、转让或受让重大资产、转让重要子公司股权(份)等事项;

   (十)有限责任公司股东转让本公司股权;

   (十一)企业变更主营业务(含与公司主营业务相关的各种资质的转移)、转让核心技术和知名品牌;

   (十二)从事证券、期货及其他金融衍生产品等高风险业务;

(十三)数额较大的对外捐赠;

(十四)其它需要报告的事项。

上述事项,涉及国有独资企业、国有独资公司的,须经国有资产监督管理机构批准后方可实施;涉及国有资本控股公司、国有资本参股公司的,应由其产权代表按本办法第六条的规定行使权利。

第十三条 国家出资企业下列重大事项在形成决议或知晓重大事项之日起3日内到国有资产监督管理机构备案,紧急事项应立即报告:

(一)根据公司章程规定,由公司股东(大)会以外的其他议事机构作出决议的对外投资、担保、转让或受让重大资产、转让子公司股权(份)等事项;

  (二)公司职工董事、职工监事及其他高级管理人员变动情况;

  (三)企业采用的会计政策发生重大更改,涉及资产核算方法发生重要变化的;

  (四)企业重大法律诉讼,重大安全生产事故,董事、监事、高级管理人员涉嫌经济违法或刑事犯罪以及其他造成国有资产损失的事项;

  (五)事前报告事项的执行和落实情况;

(六)其它需要备案的事项。



第二节 资产评估



  第十五条 国有独资企业、国有独资公司和国有资本控股公司合并、分立、改制,转让重大财产,以非货币财产对外投资,清算或者有法律、行政法规以及企业章程规定应当进行资产评估的其他情形的,应当委托具有相应资质的评估机构进行评估,评估结果须报国有资产监督管理机构核准或备案。

   第十六条 国有独资企业、国有独资公司、国有资本控股公司及其董事、监事、高级管理人员应当向资产评估机构如实提供有关情况和资料,不得与资产评估机构串通评估作价。资产评估机构应当对其出具的评估报告负责。



   第三节国有资产转让



  第十七条 国有资产转让,是指依法将国家对企业的出资所形成的权益转移给其他单位或者个人的行为;按照国家规定无偿划转国有资产的除外。

第十八条 国家出资企业国有资产转让应当做好可行性研究,按照内部决策程序进行审议,并形成书面决议。

国有独资企业的资产转让,应当由总经理办公会议审议。国有独资公司的资产转让,应当由董事会审议;没有设立董事会的,由总经理办公会议审议。涉及职工合法权益的,应当听取该企业职工大会或职工代表大会的意见。

第十九条 国有资产监督管理机构决定国家出资企业的国有资产转让。转让国家出资企业全部国有资产或者转让部分国有资产致使国家对该企业不再具有控股地位的,应当报请本级人民政府批准。涉及政府社会公共管理审批事项的,需预先报经政府有关部门审批。

第二十条 国家出资企业国有资产转让应委托具有相应资质的中介机构进行清产核资、财务审计、资产评估。同一企业的财务审计和资产评估必须委托不同的中介机构进行,财务审计和资产评估必须在同一个基准日。资产评估报告由产权单位初审后,在企业内部进行公示,公示期为5个工作日。资产评估报告经国有资产监督管理机构核准或备案后,作为确定国有资产转让价格的参考依据。

转让国家出资企业国有资产的首次挂牌价格不得低于经核准或备案的资产评估价格。经公开征集没有意向受让方的,转让方可以根据标的资产情况确定新的挂牌价格并重新公告;如新的挂牌价格低于经核准的资产评估价格的90%,应当获得相关产权转让批准机构书面同意。

第二十一条 在征集受让方时,转让方可以对受让方的资质、商业信誉、经营情况、财务状况、管理能力、资产规模等提出必要的受让条件。受让方为外商时,国家出资企业国有资产应当符合国务院公布的《指导外商投资方向规定》、《外商投资产业指导目录》及其他有关规定。

第二十二条 国家出资企业国有资产转让,禁止场外交易,必须到依法设立的产权交易场所公开进行。转让可采取拍卖、招投标、协议转让以及国家法律、行政法规规定的其他方式进行。

经公开征集产生两个以上受让方时,根据转让标的的具体情况采取拍卖或者招投标方式组织实施产权交易。采取拍卖方式应当按照《中华人民共和国拍卖法》及有关规定以公开竞价的形式由出价最高者成交;采取招投标方式转让国家出资企业国有资产的,应当按照国家有关规定组织实施。

  经公开征集只产生一个意向受让方或按照有关规定经市国有资产监督管理机构审核报省国有资产监督管理机构批准的,可采取协议转让的方式进行转让。对经公开征集只产生一个意向受让方而采取协议转让的,转让价格应按本次挂牌价格确定;对按照有关规定报省国有资产监督管理机构批准采取协议转让的,转让价格不得低于经省国有资产监督管理机构核准或备案的资产评估价格。

第二十三条 国家出资企业国有资产转让的全部价款,受让方应当按照产权转让合同的约定全额支付。

  转让价款原则上应当一次付清。如金额较大、一次付清确有困难的,可以采取分期付款的方式。采取分期付款方式的,受让方首期付款不得低于总价款的30%,并在合同生效之日起5个工作日内支付;其余款项应当提供合法的担保,并应当按同期银行贷款利率向转让方支付延期付款期间利息;付款期限最长不得超过1年。

  国家出资企业国有资产转让中涉及的职工安置、社会保险等有关费用,依照国家相关规定执行。不得在评估作价之前从拟转让的国有净资产中先行扣除,也不得从转让价款中进行抵扣。

国有资产监督管理、财政部门对国有资产转让收入进行监督管理。

第二十四条 国有资产转让涉及国有划拨土地使用权转让的,按照“统一发布信息、整体运作、分开核算、各司其职”的原则由国有资产监督管理机构和国土资源管理部门共同组织实施。

第二十五条 转让上市交易的股份依照《中华人民共和国证券法》的规定进行。

第二十六条 国家出资企业国有资产转让事项经决定或者批准后,如调整产权转让比例或者转让方案的,应当按照规定程序重新报批。



第五章 责任追究



第二十七条 国家出资企业国有资产损失责任追究工作由监察部门、国有资产监督管理机构组织实施。

第二十八条 企业发生国有资产损失,经查证核实和责任认定后,在依据《中华人民共和国公司法》、《中华人民共和国企业国有资产法》等法律法规和国家、地方或者企业有关规定的要求予以赔偿的基础上,应当根据程度及影响对相关责任人分别给予以下处理:

(一)企业发生一般资产损失的,在责任认定年度对直接责任人和主管责任人处以扣发一定比例的绩效薪金(奖金),以及警告、记过或者降级(职)等处分。

(二)企业发生较大资产损失的,在责任认定年度对直接责任人和主管责任人处以扣发一定比例的绩效薪金(奖金),以及降级(职)、责令辞职、撤(免)职、解聘或者开除(解除劳动合同)等处分;对分管领导责任人处以扣发一定比例的绩效薪金(奖金),以及记过、降级(职)、责令辞职或者撤(免)职等处分。

(三)企业发生重大资产损失的,在责任认定年度对直接责任人和主管责任人处以扣发一定比例的绩效薪金(奖金)、一定期限内不授予新的股权,以及撤(免)职、解聘或者开除(解除劳动合同)等处分;对分管领导责任人和重要领导责任人处以扣发一定比例的绩效薪金(奖金)、一定期限内不授予新的股权,以及降级(职)、责令辞职或者撤(免)职等处分。

(四)企业发生特别重大资产损失的,在责任认定年度对直接责任人和主管责任人处以扣发一定比例的绩效薪金(奖金)、一定期限内不授予新的股权,以及解聘或者开除(解除劳动合同)等处分;对分管领导责任人或者重要领导责任人处以扣发一定比例的绩效薪金(奖金)、一定期限内不授予新的股权,以及撤(免)职、解聘或者开除(解除劳动合同)等处分。

第二十九条 对国家出资企业国有资产损失负有责任受到撤职以上纪律处分的责任人,5年内不得担任国家出资企业负责人;对造成国有资产重大损失或被判处刑罚的,终身不得担任国家出资企业负责人。

第三十条 国有资产损失责任人在离任后,被发现在原任职期间内有本办法第二十九条规定的情形的,监察部门、国有资产监督管理机构应按照本办法的规定追究其责任。

第三十一条 相关责任人构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任。



第六章 附则



第三十二条 行政事业单位经营性资产管理参照本办法执行。

第三十三条 本办法自发布之日起三十日后施行。




中华人民共和国增值税暂行条例实施细则(附英文)

财政部


中华人民共和国增值税暂行条例实施细则(附英文)

1993年12月25日,财政部

细则
第一条 根据《中华人民共和国增值税暂行条例》(以下简称条例)第二十八条的规定,制定本细则。
第二条 条例第一条所称货物,是指有形动产,包括电力、热力、气体在内。
条例第一条所称加工,是指受托加工货物,即委托方提供原料及主要材料,受托方按照委托方的要求制造货物并收取加工费的业务。
条例第一条所称修理修配,是指受托对损伤和丧失功能的货物进行修复,使其恢复原状和功能的业务。
第三条 条例第一条所称销售货物,是指有偿转让货物的所有权。
条例第一条所称提供加工、修理修配劳务,是指有偿提供加工、修理修配劳务。但单位或个体经营者聘用的员工为本单位或雇主提供加工、修理修配劳务,不包括在内。
本细则所称有偿,包括从购买方取得货币、货物或其他经济利益。
第四条 单位或个体经营者的下列行为,视同销售货物:
(一)将货物交付他人代销;
(二)销售代销货物;
(三)设有两个以上机构并实行统一核算的纳税人,将货物从一个机构移送其他机构用于销售,但相关机构设在同一县(市)的除外;
(四)将自产或委托加工的货物用于非应税项目;
(五)将自产、委托加工或购买的货物作为投资,提供给其他单位或个体经营者;
(六)将自产、委托加工或购买的货物分配给股东或投资者;
(七)将自产、委托加工的货物用于集体福利或个人消费;
(八)将自产、委托加工或购买的货物无偿赠送他人。
第五条 一项销售行为如果既涉及货物又涉及非应税劳务,为混合销售行为。从事货物的生产、批发或零售的企业、企业性单位及个体经营者的混合销售行为,视为销售货物,应当征收增值税;其他单位和个人的混合销售行为,视为销售非应税劳务,不征收增值税。
纳税人的销售行为是否属于混合销售行为,由国家税务总局所属征收机关确定。
本条第一款所称非应税劳务,是指属于应缴营业税的交通运输业、建筑业、金融保险业、邮电通信业、文化体育业、娱乐业、服务业税目征收范围的劳务。
本条第一款所称从事货物的生产、批发或零售的企业、企业性单位及个体经营者,包括以从事货物的生产、批发或零售为主,并兼营非应税劳务的企业、企业性单位及个体经营者在内。
第六条 纳税人兼营非应税劳务的,应分别核算货物或应税劳务和非应税劳务的销售额。不分别核算或者不能准确核算的,其非应税劳务应与货物或应税劳务一并征收增值税。
纳税人兼营的非应税劳务是否应当一并征收增值税,由国家税务总局所属征收机关确定。
第七条 条例第一条所称在中华人民共和国境内(以下简称境内)销售货物,是指所销售的货物的起运地或所在地在境内;
条例第一条所称在境内销售应税劳务,是指所销售的应税劳务发生在境内。
第八条 条例第一条所称单位,是指国有企业、集体企业、私有企业、股份制企业、其他企业和行政单位、事业单位、军事单位、社会团体及其他单位。
条例第一条所称个人,是指个体经营者及其他个人。
第九条 企业租赁或承包给他人经营的,以承租人或承包人为纳税人。
第十条 纳税人销售不同税率货物或应税劳务,并兼营应属一并征收增值税的非应税劳务的,其非应税劳务应从高适用税率。
第十一条 小规模纳税人以外的纳税人(以下简称一般纳税人)因销货退回或折让而退还给购买方的增值税额,应从发生销货退回或折让当期的销项税额中扣减,因进货退出或折让而收回的增值税额,应从发生进货退出或折让当期的进项税额中扣减。
第十二条 条例第六条所称价外费用,是指价外向购买方收取的手续费、补贴、基金、集资费返还利润、奖励费、违约金(延期付款利息)、包装费、包装物租金、储备费、优质费、运输装卸费、代收款项、代垫款项及其他各种性质的价外收费。但下列项目不包括在内:
(一)向购买方收取的销项税额;
(二)受托加工应征消费税的消费品所代收代缴的消费税;
(三)同时符合以下条件的代垫运费:
1.承运部门的运费发票开具给购货方的;
2.纳税人将该项发票转交给购货方的。
凡价外费用,无论其会计制度如何核算,均应并入销售额计算应纳税额。
第十三条 混合销售行为和兼营的非应税劳务,依照本细则第五条、第六条规定应当征收增值税的,其销售额分别为货物与非应税劳务的销售额的合计,货物或者应税劳务与非应税劳务的销售额的合计。
第十四条 一般纳税人销售货物或者应税劳务采用销售额和销项税额合并定价方法的,按下列公式计算销售额:
含税销售额
销售额=-------
1+税率
第十五条 根据条例第六条的规定,纳税人按外汇结算销售额的,其销售额的人民币折合率可以选择销售额发生的当天或当月1日的国家外汇牌价(原则上为中间价)。纳税人应在事先确定采用何种折合率,确定后一年内不得变更。
第十六条 纳税人有条例第七条所称价格明显偏低并无正当理由或者有本细则第四条所列视同销售货物行为而无销售额者,按下列顺序确定销售额:
(一)按纳税人当月同类货物的平均销售价格确定;
(二)按纳税人最近时期同类货物的平均销售价格确定;
(三)按组成计税价格确定。组成计税价格的公式为:
组成计税价格=成本×(1+成本利润率)
属于应征消费税的货物,其组成计税价格中应加计消费税额。
公式中的成本是指:销售自产货物的为实际生产成本,销售外购货物的为实际采购成本。公式中的成本利润率由国家税务总局确定。
第十七条 条例第八条第三款所称买价,包括纳税人购进免税农业产品支付给农业生产者的价款和按规定代收代缴的农业特产税。
前款所称价款,是指经主管税务机关批准使用的收购凭证上注明的价款。
第十八条 混合销售行为和兼营的非应税劳务,依照本细则第五条、第六条的规定应当征收增值税的,该混合销售行为所涉及的非应税劳务和兼营的非应税劳务所用购进货物的进项税额,符合条例第八条规定的,准予从销项税额中抵扣。
第十九条 条例第十条所称固定资产是指:
(一)使用期限超过一年的机器、机械、运输工具以及其他与生产经营有关的设备、工具、器具;
(二)单位价值在2000元以上,并且使用年限超过两年的不属于生产经营主要设备的物品。
第二十条 条例第十条所称非应税项目,是指提供非应税劳务、转让无形资产、销售不动产和固定资产在建工程等。
纳税人新建、改建、扩建、修缮、装饰建筑物,无论会计制度规定如何核算,均属于前款所称固定资产在建工程。
第二十一条 条例第十条所称非正常损失,是指生产经营过程中正常损耗外的损失,包括:
(一)自然灾害损失;
(二)因管理不善造成货物被盗窃、发生霉烂变质等损失;
(三)其他非正常损失。
第二十二条 已抵扣进项税额的购进货物或应税劳务发生条例第十条第(二)至(六)项所列情况的,应将该项购进货物或应税劳务的进项税额从当期发生的进项税额中扣减。无法准确确定该项进项税额的,按当期实际成本计算应扣减的进项税额。
第二十三条 纳税人兼营免税项目或非应税项目(不包括固定资产在建工程)而无法准确划分不得抵扣的进项税额的,按下列公式计算不得抵扣的进项税额。
当月免税项目销售额、
不得抵 当月全 非应税项目营业额合计扣的进=部进项×----------项税额 税 额 当月全部销售额、
营业额合计
第二十四条 条例第十一条所称小规模纳税人的标准规定如下:
(一)从事货物生产或提供应税劳务的纳税人,以及以从事货物生产或提供应税劳务为主,并兼营货物批发或零售的纳税人,年应征增值税销售额(以下简称应税销售额)在100万元以下的;
(二)从事货物批发或零售的纳税人,年应税销售额在180万元以下的。
年应税销售额超过小规模纳税人标准的个人、非企业性单位、不经常发生应税行为的企业,视同小规模纳税人纳税。
第二十五条 小规模纳税人的销售额不包括其应纳税额。
小规模纳税人销售货物或应税劳务采用销售额和应纳税额合并定价方法的,按下列公式计算销售额:
含税销售额
销售额=-------
1+征收率
第二十六条 小规模纳税人因销货退回或折让退还给购买方的销售额,应从发生销货退回或折让当期的销售额中扣减。
第二十七条 条例第十四条所称会计核算健全,是指能按会计制度和税务机关的要求准确核算销项税额、进项税额和应纳税额。
第二十八条 个体经营者符合条例第十四条所定条件的,经国家税务总局直属分局批准,可以认定为一般纳税人。
第二十九条 小规模纳税人一经认定为一般纳税人后,不得再转为小规模纳税人。
第三十条 一般纳税人有下列情形之一者,应按销售额依照增值税税率计算应纳税额,不得抵扣进项税额,也不得使用增值税专用发票。
(一)会计核算不健全,或者不能够提供准确税务资料的;
(二)符合一般纳税人条件,但不申请办理一般纳税人认定手续的。
第三十一条 条例第十六条所列部分免税项目的范围,限定如下:
(一)第一款第(一)项所称农业,是指种植业、养殖业、林业、牧业、水产业。
农业生产者,包括从事农业生产的单位和个人。
农业产品,是指初级农业产品,具体范围由国家税务总局直属分局确定。
(二)第一款第(三)项所称古旧图书,是指向社会收购的古书和旧书。
(三)第一款第(八)项所称物品,是指游艇、摩托车、应征消费税的汽车以外的货物。
自己使用过的物品,是指本细则第八条所称其他个人自己使用过的物品。
第三十二条 条例第十八条所称增值税起征点的适用范围只限于个人。
增值税起征点的幅度规定如下:
(一)销售货物的起征点为月销售额600—2000元。
(二)销售应税劳务的起征点为月销售额200—800元。
(三)按次纳税的起征点为每次(日)销售额50—80元。
前款所称销售额,是指本细则第二十五条第一款所称小规模纳税人的销售额。
国家税务总局直属分局应在规定的幅度内,根据实际情况确定本地区适用的起征点,并报国家税务总局备案。
第三十三条 条例第十九条第(一)项规定的销售货物或者应税劳务的纳税义务发生时间,按销售结算方式的不同,具体为:
(一)采取直接收款方式销售货物,不论货物是否发出,均为收到销售额或取得索取销售额的凭据,并将提货单交给买方的当天;
(二)采取托收承付和委托银行收款方式销售货物,为发出货物并办妥托收手续的当天;
(三)采取赊销和分期收款方式销售货物,为按合同约定的收款日期的当天;
(四)采取预收货款方式销售货物,为货物发出的当天;
(五)委托其他纳税人代销货物,为收到代销单位销售的代销清单的当天;
(六)销售应税劳务,为提供劳务同时收讫销售额或取得索取销售额的凭据的当天;
(七)纳税人发生本细则第四条第(三)项至第(八)项所列视同销售货物行为,为货物移送的当天。
第三十四条 境外的单位或个人在境内销售应税劳务而在境内未设有经营机构的,其应纳税款以代理人为扣缴义务人;没有代理人的,以购买者为扣缴义务人。
第三十五条 非固定业户到外县(市)销售货物或者应税劳务未向销售地主管税务机关申报纳税的,由其机构所在地或者居住地主管税务机关补征税款。
第三十六条 条例第二十条所称税务机关,是指国家税务总局及其所属征收机关。
条例和本细则所称主管税务机关、征收机关,均指国家税务总局所属支局以上税务机关。
第三十七条 本细则所称“以上”、“以下”,均含本数或本级。
第三十八条 本细则由财政部解释,或者由国家税务总局解释。
第三十九条 本细则从条例施行之日起实施。1984年9月28日财政部颁发的《中华人民共和国增值税条例(草案)实施细则》、《中华人民共和国产品税条例(草案)实施细则》同时废止。

DETAILED RULE FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROVISIONAL REGULATIONOF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON VALUE-ADDED TAX

(Ministry of Finance: 25 December 1993)

Whole Doc.
Article 1
These Detailed Rules are formulated in accordance with the
stipulations of Article 28 of the Republic of China on Value-Added Tax> (hereinafter referred to as "the
Regulations").
Article 2
"Goods" as mentioned in Article 1 of the Regulations refers to
tangible moveable goods, including electricity, heat, and gas.
"Processing" as mentioned in Article 1 of the Regulations refers to
the business of contracting to process goods, where the contractor
supplies the raw material and major materials and the subcontractor
manufactures the goods in accordance with the requirements of the
contractor and receives a processing fee.
"Repairs and replacement" as mentioned in Article 1 of the
Regulations refers to the business of contracting to carry out repairs of
damaged or malfunctioned goods, so as to restore the goods to their
original conditions and functions.
Article 3
"Sales of goods" as mentioned in Article 1 of the Regulations refers
to the transfer of the ownership of goods for any consideration.
"Provision of processing, repairs and replacement services" as
mentioned in Article 1 of the Regulations refers to the provision of
processing, repairs and replacement services for any consideration.
However the provision of processing, repairs and replacement services by
the staff employed by the units or individual business operators for their
units or employers shall not be included.
"Consideration" as mentioned in these Detailed Rules includes money,
goods or any economic benefit obtained from the purchasers.
Article 4
The following activities of units or individual operators shall be
deemed as sales of goods:
(1) Consignment of goods to others for sale;
(2) Sale of goods under consignment;
(3) Transfer of goods from one establishment to other establishments
for sale by a taxpayer that maintains two or more establishments and
adopts consolidated accounting, unless the relevant establishments are
maintained in the same county (or city);
(4) Application of self-produced or processed goods to produce
non-taxable items;
(5) Provision of self-produced, processed or purchased goods to other
units or individual operators as investments;
(6) Distribution of self-produced, processed or purchased goods to
shareholders or investors;
(7) Use of self-produced or processed goods for collective welfare or
personal consumption;
(8) Giving out self-produced, processed or purchased goods to others
as free gifts.
Article 5
A sales activity that involves goods and non-taxable services shall
be a mixed sales activity. Mixed sales activities of enterprises,
enterprise units or individual business operators engaged in production,
wholesaling or retailing of goods shall be regarded as sales of goods
which shall be subject to VAT. Mixed sales activities of other units or
individuals shall be regarded as sales of non-taxable services which shall
not be subject to VAT.
Whether a taxpayer's sales activity is a mixed sales activity shall
be determined by the tax collecting authorities under the State
Administration of Taxation.
"Non-taxable services" as mentioned in the first paragraph of this
Article refers to the services subject to Business Tax within the scope of
the taxable items of communications and transportation, construction,
finance and insurance, posts and telecommunications, culture and sports,
entertainment, and service industries.
"Enterprises, enterprise units or individual business operators
engaged in production, wholesaling or retailing of goods" as mentioned in
the first paragraph of this Article includes enterprises, enterprise
units, and individual business operators principally engaged in the
production, wholesaling or retailing of goods and also engaged in
non-taxable services.
Article 6
Taxpayers also engaged in non-taxable services shall account
separately for the sales amount of goods and taxable services and
non-taxable services. Without separate accounting or where accurate
accounting cannot be made, the non-taxable services and goods and taxable
services shall together be subject to VAT.
Whether non-taxable services so engaged by the taxpayer shall be
subject to VAT shall be determined by the tax collecting authorities under
the State Administration of Taxation.
Article 7
"Sales of goods within the territory of the People's Republic of
China" (hereinafter referred to as "within the territory") as mentioned in
Article 1 of the Regulations refers to the place of despatch or the
location of the goods sold is within the territory.
"Sales of taxable services in the territory" as mentioned in Article
1 of the Regulations refers to the sales of taxable services that takes
place within the territory.
Article 8
"Units" as mentioned in Article 1 of the Regulations refers to
State-owned enterprises, collectively owned enterprises, privately- owned
enterprises, joint-stock enterprises, other enterprises, administrative
units, institutions, military units, social organizations and other units.
"Individuals" as mentioned in Article 1 of the Regulations refers to
individual business operators and other individuals.
Article 9
For enterprises which lease or contract to others for management, the
lessees or the sub-contractors shall be the taxpayers.
Article 10
Taxpayers selling goods or taxable services with different tax rates
and also engaged in non-taxable services which shall be subject to VAT,
the highest of the tax rates on goods or taxable services shall apply to
the non taxable services.
Article 11
For taxpayers other than small-scale taxpayers (hereinafter referred
to as "general taxpayers"), the VAT refundable to purchasers due to
returns inward or discount allowed shall be deducted from the output tax
for the period in which the returns inward or discount allowed takes
place. The VAT recovered due to the returns outward or discount received
shall be deducted from the input tax for the period in which the returns
outward or discount received takes place.
Article 12
"Other charges" as mentioned in Article 6 of the Regulations refers
to handling fees, subsidies, funds, fund raising fees, profits sharing,
incentive bonus, damages on breach of contract (interest on deferred
payments), packaging charges, rentals on packaging materials, contingency
charges, quality charges, freight and loading and unloading charges,
commissioned receipts, commissioned payments and charges of any other
nature which is in addition to the price charged to the purchaser. The
following items nevertheless shall not be included:
(1) Output VAT collected from purchasers;
(2) Consumption Tax withheld on processing of consumer goods subject
to Consumption Tax;
(3) Disbursement of freight charges that satisfies both the following
conditions;
1. A freight invoice of transportation department was issued to the
purchaser; and
2. The same invoice is turned over by the taxpayer to the purchaser.
All other charges, regardless of the accounting treatment under the
accounting system adopted, shall be included in the sales amount in
computing the tax payable.
Article 13
Where the taxpayer is engaged in mixed sales activities and the
non-taxable services that are subject to VAT in accordance with Article 5
and Article 6 of these Detailed Rules, his sales amount shall be
respectively the sum the his sales amounts of goods and non-taxable
services, or the sum of the sales amounts of goods or taxable services and
the non-taxable services.
Article 14
For general taxpayers selling goods or taxable services that adopt
the pricing method of combining the sales amount and the output tax, the
sales amount shall be computed according to the following formula:
Sales amount including tax
Sales amount = ----------------------------
1 + tax rate
Article 15
Pursuant to the stipulations of Article 6 of the Regulations, if a
taxpayer settles the sales amount in foreign exchange, the Renminbi
conversion rate for the sales amount to be selected can be the foreign
exchange rate quoted by the State (the average rate in Principle)
prevailing on the date or that on the first day of the month in which the
sales take place. Taxpayers shall determine in advance the conversion
rate to be adopted. Once determined, no change is allowed within 1 year.
Article 16
For taxpayers whose prices are obviously low and without proper
justification as mentioned in Article 7 of the Regulations, or have
activities of selling goods as listed in Article 4 of these Detailed Rules
but without invoiced sales amounts, the sales amount shall be determined
according to the following sequence:
(1) Determined according to the average selling price of the taxpayer
on the same goods in the same month;
(2) Determined according to the average selling price of the taxpayer
on the same goods in the recent period;
(3) Determined according to the composite assessable value. The
formula of the composite assessable value shall be:
Composite assessable Value = Cost X (1 + cost plus margin)
For goods subject to Consumption Tax, the composite assessable value
shall include Consumption Tax payable.
"Cost" in the formula refers to the actual costs of products sold for
sales of self-produced goods; and the actual costs of purchases for sales
of purchased goods. The rate of cost-plus margin in the formula shall be
determined by the State Administration of Taxation.
Article 17
The "Purchase price" as mentioned in Paragraph 3, Article 8 of the
Regulations includes the price paid by taxpayers to agricultural producers
for purchasing tax-exempt agricultural products and the Agricultural
Special Product Tax withheld according to the regulations.
The "price paid" as mentioned in the preceding paragraph refers to
the price specified on the purchasing voucher approved for use by the
competent tax authorities.
Article 18
For mixed sales activities and non-taxable services which are subject
to VAT according to the stipulations of Article 5 and Article 6 of these
Detailed Rules, the input tax on goods purchased for use in the
non-taxable services involved in the mixed sales activities or in the
non-taxable services that satisfies the stipulations of Article 8 of the
Regulations is allowed to be credited from the output tax.
Article 19
"Fixed assets" as mentioned in Article 10 of the Regulations
refers to:
(1) Machinery, mechanical apparatus, means of transport, and other
equipment, tools and apparatus related to production or business
operations with a useful life of more than one year;
(2) Article that are not the main equipment for production or
business operations but with a unit value of more than 2000 yuan and a
useful life of more than two years.
Article 20
"Non-taxable items" as mentioned in Article 10 of the Regulations
refers to the provision of non-taxable services, the transfer of
intangible assets, the sales of immovable properties and fixed assets
under construction, etc.
The construction, re-construction, expansion, repairing and
decoration of buildings by the taxpayer, regardless of the accounting
treatment under the accounting system adopted, shall be included in the
"fixed assets under construction" as mentioned in the proceeding
paragraph.
Article 21
"Abnormal losses" as mentioned in Article 10 of the Regulations
refers to losses other than the normal wear and tear in the course of
production or business operations. They include:
(1) Losses due to natural disasters;
(2) Losses due to theft, spoilage or deterioration, etc., resulting
from improper management;
(3) Other abnormal losses.
Article 22
Where input tax has already been claimed on goods purchased or
taxable services under the circumstances listed in Paragraphs (2) to (6)
in Article 10 of the Regulations, the input tax of these goods purchased
or taxable services shall be deducted from the input tax of that period.
If that input tax cannot be determined accurately, the input tax to be
deducted shall be computed based on the actual costs of that period.
Article 23
For taxpayers engaged in tax-exempt items or non-taxable items (not
including fixed assets under construction) and where the input tax cannot
be determined accurately, the non-creditable input tax shall be computed
according to the following formula:
Sum of the sales amounts of
tax-exempt items and
turnover of non-taxable
Non-creditable Total input tax items of the month
= x --------------------
in put tax of the month Sum of the total sales
amount and turnover of
the month
Article 24
The standards for small-scale taxpayers as mentioned in Article 11 of
the Regulations are as follows:
(1) Taxpayers engaged in the production of goods or the provision of
taxable services, and taxpayers engaged principally in the production of
goods or provision of taxable services but also in wholesaling or
retailing of goods, the annual sales amount of which subject to VAT
(hereinafter referred to as "taxable sales amount") is below 1 million
yuan;
(2) Taxpayers engaged in wholesaling or retailing of goods, the
annual taxable sales amount of which is below 1.8 million yuan.
Regardless whether the annual taxable sales amounts exceed the
standards for small-scale taxpayers, individuals, non-enterprise units,
and enterprises which do not often have taxable activities, are chargeable
as small-scale taxpayers.
Article 25
The sales amount of small-scale taxpayers does not include the tax
payable.
For small-scale taxpayers selling goods or providing taxable services
that adopt the method of setting prices by combining the sales amount and
the tax payable, the sales amount is computed according to the following
formula:
Sales amount including tax
Sales amount = ----------------------------
1 + Assessable rate
Article 26
For small-scale taxpayers, the sales amount refunded to the
purchasers due to returns inward or discount allowed shall be deducted
from the sales amount for the period in which the returns inward or
discount allowed occurs.
Article 27
"Sound accounting" as stated in Article 14 of the Regulations refers
to the capability of accurately accounting for the output tax, input tax
and tax payable in accordance with the accounting regulations and the
requirements of the tax authorities.
Article 28
Individual operators that satisfy the conditions as prescribed in
Article 14 of the Regulations and after the approval of the bureaux
directly under the State Administration of Taxation can be confirmed as
general taxpayers.
Article 29
Once the small-scale taxpayers have been confirmed as general
taxpayers, they cannot be reclassified as small-scale taxpayers.
Article 30
General taxpayers in any of the following circumstances shall compute
the tax payable based on the sales amount and according to the VAT rates,
but no input tax can be credited and special VAT invoices shall not be
used:
(1) The accounting system is unsound or cannot provide accurate tax
information;
(2) The conditions of general taxpayers are satisfied but the
taxpayer has not applied or processed the confirmation procedures as
general taxpayers.
Article 31
The scope of part of the tax-exempt items listed in Article 16 of the
Regulations are prescribed as follows:
(1) "Agricultural" as mentioned in Item (1) of Paragraph (1) refers
to planting, breeding, forestry, animal husbandry and aquatic products
industry.
"Agricultural producers" includes units and individuals engaged in
agricultural production.
"Agricultural products" refers to primary agricultural products. The
detailed scope of this definition shall be determined by the taxation
bureaux directly under the State Administration of Taxation.
(2) "Antique books" as mentioned in Item (3) of Paragraph (1) refers
to the ancient books and old books purchased from the public.
(3) "Articles" as mentioned in Item (8) of Paragraph (1) refers to
goods other than yachts, motorcycles, and motor vehicles that are subject
to Consumption Tax.
"Articles which have been used" refers to goods that have been used
by "other individuals" as mentioned in Article 8 of these Detailed Rules.
Article 32
The scope of application of "VAT minimum threshold" as mentioned in
Article 18 of the Regulations is limited to individuals.
The range of the VAT minimum threshold are stipulated as
follows:
(1) The minimum threshold for sales of goods shall be monthly sales
amount of 600 to 2000 yuan.
(2) The minimum threshold for sales of taxable services shall be
monthly sales amount of 200 to 800 yuan.
(3) The minimum threshold for assessment on a transaction-by-
transaction basis shall be sales amount per transaction (or per day) of 50
to 80 yuan.
"Sales amount" as mentioned in the preceding paragraph refers to the
"sales amount of small-scale taxpayers" as mentioned in the first
paragraph of Article 25 of these Detailed Rules.
The bureaux directly under the State Administration of Taxation shall
determine the minimum threshold locally applicable within the prescribed
range and in accordance with the actual conditions and shall report these
amounts to the State Administration of Taxation for their records.
Article 33
The timing at which the tax liability arises on the sales of goods or
taxable services as prescribed in Item (1), Article 19 of the Regulations
is specified according to the different methods of settlement as follows:
(1) For sales of goods under the direct payment method, it shall be
the date on which the sales sum is received or the documented evidence of
the right to collect the sales sum is obtained, and the bills of lading
are delivered to purchasers, regardless whether the goods are delivered;
(2) For sales of goods where the sales amount is entrusted for
collection, including where entrusted to banks for collection, it shall be
the date on which the goods are delivered and the procedures for entrusted
collection are completed;
(3) For sales of goods on credit or receipt by installments, it shall
be the date of collection agreed according to the contracts;
(4) For sales of goods with payment received in advance, it shall be
the date on which the goods are delivered;
(5) For sales of goods on a consignment to other taxpayers, it shall
be the date on which the detailed account of consignment sales are
received from the consignee;
(6) For sales of taxable services, it shall be the date on which the
services are provided and the sales sum is received or the documented
evidence of the right to collect the sales sum is obtained;
(7) For taxpayers that have the activities that are considered as
sales of goods as listed from Item (3) to Item (8) in Article 4 of these
Detailed Rules, it shall be the date on which the goods are transferred.
Article 34
For overseas units or individuals selling taxable services within the
territory but have not set up any business establishment within the
territory, the agents shall be the withholding agents for their tax
payable. If there are no agents, the purchaser shall be the withholding
agent.
Article 35
For business without a fixed base selling goods or taxable services
in a different county (or city) and have not reported and paid tax with
the competent tax authorities where the sales take place, the competent
tax authorities of the location where the establishments are located or
where the individual resides shall collect the overdue tax.
Article 36
"Tax authorities" as mentioned in Article 20 of the Regulations is
the State Administration of Taxation, and the collecting authorities
thereunder.
"The competent tax authorities" and "the collecting authorities" as
mentioned in the Regulations and these Detailed Rules refer to branches
offices under the State Administration of Taxation at county level and
above.
Article 37
"Above" and "Below" as mentioned in these Detailed Rules also include
the figure or the level itself.
Article 38
These Detailed Rules shall be interpreted by the Ministry of Finance
or by the State Administration of Taxation.
Article 39
These Detailed rules shall be implemented on the date the Regulations
come into effect. The Implementation of the Draft Regulations of the People's Republic of China
on Value-Added Tax> and the

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农业部办公厅关于切实抓好抗旱保苗加强冬前麦田管理的紧急通知

农业部


农业部办公厅关于切实抓好抗旱保苗加强冬前麦田管理的紧急通知

河北、山西、江苏、安徽、山东、河南、湖北、四川、陕西、新疆、甘肃等省(自治区)农业(农牧)厅(委):

今年冬小麦秋播整地质量较高,播种时墒情较好,播期播量适宜,基本实现了一播保全苗,播种和出苗好于往年。但播种出苗以来,部分麦区降水总体偏少,土壤表墒较差,加之部分地区小麦播种存在旋耕耙耱不细、秸秆还田镇压不实等问题,部分田块出现缺苗断垄、悬根吊苗现象,对培育冬前壮苗、确保安全越冬造成严重威胁。“立冬”已过,气温逐渐转冷,抓好冬前麦田管理、确保小麦安全越冬是当前农业工作的一项紧迫任务。各地要广泛动员发动,大力开展以抗旱保苗、控旺防冻、培育壮苗为中心的冬前麦田管理,为夺取明年夏粮丰收打下坚实基础。现将有关事项通知如下:

一、紧急行动起来,切实抓好抗旱保苗及冬前麦田管理

冬小麦总产占夏粮总产的90%以上,对夏粮生产至关重要。夏粮生产又是全年粮食生产的第一季,事关全年粮食生产目标的实现。历史经验证明,夏粮丰收,全年主动;以秋补夏,担惊受怕。培育冬前壮苗、确保安全越冬是构建合理群体、奠定穗数基础的关键,也是抓好明年春季田间管理、促进苗情升级转化、夺取小麦丰收的基础。冬前麦田管理农时紧、任务重,各地一定要高度重视,统筹安排,加强领导,广泛发动,采取一切有效措施,抓好冬前麦田管理工作,夯实明年夏粮丰收的基础。

二、加强分类指导,因地制宜落实关键技术

各地要因苗、因地制宜,分区、分类指导,积极开展以抗旱保苗、控旺防冻为重点的冬前麦田管理,着力培育冬前壮苗,为构建合理群体、夺取小麦丰收奠定基础。

一是及时浇水保苗。干旱的麦田浇水可以补充土壤水分,平抑地温,粉碎坷垃,防小麦根系风干造成冻伤,保苗越冬。对已出现旱象的麦田应抓紧浇水保苗,以促进根系生长和分蘖发生。同时,北方麦区、黄淮麦区和西北麦区11月中旬至12月初,当日均温降到5℃左右、耕层土壤含水量在田间最大持水量的70%以下时开始浇冬水,至日均温下降到2℃-0℃、夜冻昼消时结束。对于旋耕不镇压导致土壤悬松、秸秆还田不深耕导致小麦悬根的麦田,冬季会造成冻害死苗,严重降低产量,这类麦田一定要浇冬水。浇冬水宜采用小畦细水,做到田间不积水,以免土壤板结,忌大水漫灌,冲刷表土。瘦地弱苗要适当早灌,肥地旺苗适当晚灌。

二是冬前划锄镇压。冬前划锄既有保墒增温效果,又可消灭杂草。各类麦田在遇雨、浇水或因其他原因造成土壤板结时,要及时划锄,以破除板结,通气保墒,促进根系和幼苗健壮生长。冬前镇压可以破碎坷垃,弥合裂缝,增温保墒、控旺促壮,应在晴好天气、上午10点以后、无霜冻时进行。对于旋耕和秸秆还田导致土壤悬松以及耕种粗放、坷垃较多的地块,一定要进行冬前镇压,防止冬季死苗。此外,对于播种过早、群体过大、过旺麦田,可采取中耕、镇压,或喷施生长抑制剂,控旺转壮,保苗安全越冬。

三是做好沟系配套。长江中下游、西南地区及时开沟、清沟理墒,疏通排灌水系是预防渍害的关键措施。要适当加大开沟密度,并用沟泥盖好露籽,养护根系,增强吸收养分能力,保证叶片恢复生长和新分蘖的发生。降水过多时,要及时排除田间积水,降渍、保暖、防冻。

四是强化病虫防控。搞好小麦冬前病虫害防治,既是控制苗期为害、保证苗全苗壮的关键措施,又是降低春季病虫发生基数、争取防治主动权的重要基础。要重点做好小麦条锈病、纹枯病、白粉病和蚜虫、地下害虫等病虫害防治工作,还要及时做好节节麦、野燕麦等杂草的化学防除工作。

三、强化技术服务,推进各项措施落实

各地要组织农技人员和专家,深入一线,调查苗情、墒情、病情、虫情和灾情,及时制定冬前田间管理技术方案。要通过发放资料、编写墙报、发送手机短信等多种方式,加强信息服务,确保技术宣传到位。要把万亩高产创建示范片落实到县、到乡、到田,发挥好示范带动作用。开展多层次、多形式的技术咨询和技术服务,大力组织技术培训,确保技术措施落实到位。要加强病虫监测和预警,准确做出预测和预报,及早发布病虫害信息,指导农民开展病虫害防治。

农业部办公厅
二○一○年十一月九日